Peering into the Minds of Respondents: The Cognitive and Social Processes Underlying Answers to Survey Questions

 
Prof. Dr. Jon Krosnick
Ohio State University & Stanford University, USA
 
Among the many important contributions Paul Lazarsfeld made to the social sciences, his pioneering work in survey research methodology stands out as tremendously influential. Lazarsfeld recognized the great value of the survey method, and he had a keen sense of how best to collect survey data to illuminate the dynamics of contemporary social life. This presentation will review Lazarsfeld's early survey methodology work and will review the literature that he inspired during the last 50 years. Work by psychologists, sociologists, and many other social scientists has done a great deal to characterize the cognitive and social processes underlying survey responses and to explain why small changes in question wording, formatting, and ordering can yield different responses. Most recently, scholars have come to understand the implications of these findings for optimizing the accuracy of survey measurement. The presentation will review this work and highlight some general principles of optimal survey questionnaire design.

powerpoint presentation Krosnick